Florida's Constitutions: The Documentary History

I. Constitution of 1838

A. Amendments, Second General Assembly, 1846:
Suffrage (Art. VI, §1)
Biennial Sessions (Art. IV, §§2,3,5,6)

B. Amendments, Third General Assembly, 1847:

Biennial Sessions (Art. IV, §§2,3,5,6){Adopted}
Suffrage (Art. VI, §1){Adopted}
Judicial Terms (Art. V, §12)

C. Amendment, Fourth General Assembly, 1848:

Judicial Terms (Art. V, §12){Adopted}

D. Amendment, Fifth General Assembly, 1850:

Judicial Elections (Art. V, §§11,12,17)

E. Amendments, Sixth General Assembly, 1852:

Judicial Elections (Art. V, §§11,12,17){Adopted}
State Officers (Art. III, §§14,23; Art. V, §16)

F. Amendments, Ninth General Assembly, 1858:

State Officers (Art. VI, §8)
Banks (Art. XIII, §7)
Annual Sessions (Art. VI, §§2,3,5,6)

G. Amendments, Tenth General Assembly, 1860:

Banks (Art. XIII, §7){Adopted}
Annual Sessions (Art. VI, §§2,3,5,6){Adopted}

II. Constitution of 1861

III. Constitution of 1865

IV. Constitution of 1868

A. Amendments, General Assembly, 1870, to be submitted to the people, separately:
Art. I: State Officers, Salaries
Art. II: Cabinet Elections
Art. III: Judicial Districts
Art. IV: Commissioner of Lands & Immigration
Art. V: Repeal of Art. VI, §13
Art. VI: Repeal of Art. XVI, §§3,5,27
Art. VII: Terms of Supreme Court
Art. VIII: Circuit Judges may be called to Supreme Court
Art. IX: Repeal of Art. XVI, §9

B. Amendments, General Assembly, 1871:

Ratification of Art. I - IX, for submission to people at election
Proclamation by Governor reporting adoption of Amendments approved by Assembly in 1870, ratified in 1871, and approved at election of April 4, 1871

C. Amendments, General Assembly, 1874:

Publication of Amendments
Biennial Sessions (Art. IV, §2){Adopted 5-4-1875}
Power of Impeachment (Art. IV, §29){Adopted 5-4-1875}
State Bonds (Art. XII, §7){Adopted 5-4-1875}
Supreme Court Jurisdiction (Art. VI, §5){Adopted 5-4-1875}
Circuit Court Jurisdiction (Art. VI, §8){Adopted 5-4-1875}
County Court Jurisdiction (Art. VI, §11){Adopted 5-4-1875}
Justice of Peace Jurisdiction (Art. VI, §15){Adopted 5-4-1875}
Circuit Judges (Art. VI, §7)
Judicial Circuits (Art. XVI, §3)
Jury Selection (Art. VI, §12)
Corporate Property Taxes (Art. XVI, §24){Adopted 5-4-1875}
Line-Item Veto (Art. V, §22){Adopted 5-4-1875}
Lieutenant-Governor (Art. V, §14){Adopted 5-4-1875}
Advisory Opinions to Governor (Art. V, §16){Adopted 5-4-1875}

V. Constitution of 1885

A. Amendments, Election of 10-7-1890:
1889 JR 3:
(Art. III, §3){Adopted}
(Art. VII, §2){Adopted}
(Art. XVIII, §9){Adopted}

B. Amendments, Election of 10-4-1892:

1891 JR 2 (Art. X, §2){Defeated}

C.Amendments, Election of 10-2-1894:

1893 SJR 1 (Art. XVI, §9){Adopted}
1893 HJR 2 (Art. VI, §§1,7){Adopted}
1893 HJR 3 (Art. XII, §7){Adopted}

D. Amendments, Election of 10-6-1896:

1895 JR 1 (Art. XVI, §6){Adopted}
1895 JR 2 (Art. III, §17){Adopted}
1895 JR 3 (Art. IV, §12){Adopted}
1895 JR 4 (Art. V, §22){Adopted}
1895 JR 5:
(Art. III, §3){Adopted}
(Art. VII, §2){Adopted}
(Art. XVIII, §9){Adopted}

E. Amendments, Election of 11-8-1898:

1897 JR 1 (Art. XVI, §13){Adopted}
1897 JR 2 (Art. V, §35){Adopted}
1897 JR 3 (Art. III, §34){Adopted}

F. Amendments, Election of 11-6-1900:

1899 JR 1 (Art. VII, §4){Adopted}
1899 JR 2 (Art. III, §25){Adopted}
1899 SJR 44 (Art. VIII, §5){Adopted}
1899 JR 4 (Art. XVI, §12){Adopted}

G. Amendments, Election of 11-4-02:

1901 JR 1 (Art. V, §§2,4){Adopted}
1901 JR 2 (Art. V, §8){Adopted}

H. Amendments, Election of 11-8-04:

1903 JR 1 (Art. VIII, §6){Defeated}
1903 JR 2 (Art. XII, §8){Adopted}
1903 SJR 3 (Art. V, §18){Defeated}
1903 JR 4 (Art. IX, §10){Defeated}
1903 JR 5 (Art. XVI, §6){Defeated}
1903 JR 6 (Art. V, §§1,5,11,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32){Defeated}
1903 JR 7 (Art. III, §§20,24; Art. VIII, §8){Defeated}

I. Amendments, Election of 11-6-06:

1905 JR 1 (Art. V, §9){Defeated}
1905 JR 2 (Art. V, §39){Defeated}
1905 JR 3 (Art. V, §§40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47){Defeated}
1905 JR 4 (Art. XVI, §§32,33,34,35){Defeated}
1905 HJR 5 (Art. XVII, §1){Defeated}

J. Amendments, Election of 11-3-08:

1907 JR 1 (Art. V, §9){Defeated}
1907 JR 2 (Art. XII, §16){Defeated}
1907 JR 3 (Art. V, §35){Defeated}

K. Amendments, Election of 11-8-10:

1909 SJR 1 (Art. XIX, §§1,2,3){Defeated}
1909 JR 2 (Art. V, §§39,40,41){Adopted}
1909 JR 3 (Art. V, §35){Adopted}

L. Amendments, Election of 11-5-12:

1911 SJR 257 (Art. V, §42){Adopted}
1911 HJR 76 (Art. XII, §17){Adopted}
Supreme Court Opinion (64 Fla. 41)
{Keeping HJR 222 off Ballot}

M. Amendments, Election of 11-3-14:

1913 CS/JR 34,89,98 (Art. VIII, §6){Adopted}
1913 CS/HJR 281 (Art. IV, §16){Adopted}
1913 JR 547 (Art. V, §1){Adopted}

N. Amendments, Election of 11-7-16:

1915 SJR 140 (Art. IX, §9){Adopted}
1915 S/SJR 341 (Art. VII, §§2,3,4){Defeated}
1915 HJR 82 (Art. VI, §1){Defeated}

O. Amendments, Election of 11-5-18:

1917 HJR 25 (Art. XII, §8){Adopted}
1917 SJR 4 (Art. XIX, §§1,2,3){Adopted}
Supreme Court Opinion (80 Fla. 98)
{Upholding Validity of Revision to Art. XIX}

P. Amendment, Election of 11-2-20:

1919 HJR 279 (Art. IX, §6){Defeated}

Q. Amendments, Election of 11-7-22:

1921 SJR 1 (Art. XII, §10){Adopted}
1921 JR 9 (Art. V, §43){Adopted}
1921 SJR 54 (Art. XVI, §3){Adopted}
1921 JR 139 (Art. VII, §3){Defeated}

R. Amendments, Election of 11-4-24:

1923 SJR 135 (Art. IX, §11){Adopted}
1923 JR 214 (Art. VIII, §9){Defeated}
1923 SJR 333 (Art. XII, §17){Adopted}
1923 SJR 255 (Art. VII, §3){Adopted}
1923 SJR 358 (Art. IX, §1){Adopted}

S. Amendments, Election of 11-2-26:

1925 HJR 541 (Art. XII, §9){Adopted}
1925 SJR 322 (Art. V, §44){Adopted}
1925 HJR 750 (Declaration of Rights, §18){Adopted}

T. Amendments, Election of 11-6-28:

1927 SJR 447 (Art. III, §24){Defeated}
1927 HJR 3 (Art. III, §21){Adopted}
1927 HJR 27 (Art. XII, §10){Defeated}
1927 HJR 315 (Art. III, §4){Defeated}

U. Amendments, Election of 11-4-30:

1929 SJR 26 (Art. IX, §6){Adopted}
1929 SJR 89 (Art. IX, §12){Adopted}
1929 HJR 35 (Art. IX, §11){Adopted}
1929 HJR 753 (Art. IX, §13){Adopted}

V. Amendments, Election of 11-8-32:

1931 HJR 51 (Art. VIII, §5){Defeated}
1931 HJR 52 (Art. V, §§2,4){Defeated}

W. Amendments, Election of 11-6-34:

1933 SJR 113 (Art. VIII, §9){Adopted}
1933 SJR 296 (Art. III, §24){Adopted}
1933 SJR 582 (Art. V, §45){Adopted}
1933 HJR 20 (Art. X, §7){Adopted}
1933 HJR 83 (Art. XIX, §§1,2,3,4){Adopted}
1933 HJR 152 (Declaration of Rights, §10){Adopted}
1933 HJR 1441 (Art. IX, §14){Adopted}
Supreme Court Opinion (115 Fla. 701)
{Retaining HJR 20 on Ballot}
Supreme Court Opinion (115 Fla. 721)
{Retaining HJR 20 on Ballot}
Supreme Court Opinion (116 Fla. 845)
{Retaining SJR 582 on Ballot}
Supreme Court Opinion (120 Fla. 860)
{Upholding Validity of SJR 582}

X. Amendments, Election of 11-3-36:

1935 SJR 170 (Art. XIII, §3){Adopted}
1935 SJR 429 (Art. VIII, §10){Adopted}

Y. Amendments, Election of 11-8-38:

1937 SJR 21 (Art. X, §7){Adopted}
1937 SJR 81 (Art. III, §21){Adopted}
1937 SJR 141 (Art. IX, §2){Adopted}
1937 SJR 625 (Art. XIV, §5){Adopted}

Z. Amendments, Election of 11-5-40:

1939 SJR 69 (Art. IX, §2){Adopted}
1939 SJR 1001 (Art. XVI, §32){Adopted
1939 CS/HJR 45 (Art. IX, §15){Adopted}
1939 HJR 54(Art. V, §§2,4){Adopted}
1939 HJR 214 (Art. VIII, §5){Defeated}
1939 HJR 375 (Art. IX, §9){Adopted}

AA. Amendments, Election of 11-3-42:

1941 CS/SJR 334 (Art. V, §46){Adopted}
1941 CS/SJR 28 (Art. IV, §30){Adopted}
1941 SJR 88 (Art. XVII, §3){Adopted}
1941 SJR 324 (Art. IX, §16){Adopted}
1941 SJR 794 (Art. XVI, §16){Defeated}
1941 HJR 97 (Art. X, §1A){Defeated}
1941 HJR 560 (Art. XVI, §33*){Adopted}
1941 CS/HJR 1801 (Art. VII, §3){Defeated}
1941 HJR 858 (Art. VIII, §11){Adopted}

BB. Amendments, Election of 11-7-44:

1943 SJR 203 (Art. XVIII, §§6,7){Adopted}
1943 SJR 314 (Art. VIII, §5){Adopted}
1943 SJR 419 (Art. V, §21){Adopted}
1943 SJR 670 (Art. VII, §3){Defeated}
1943 SJR 746 (Art. VIII, §§12*,13*){Adopted}
1943 HJR 13 (Declaration of Rights, §12){Adopted}
1943 HJR 55 (Art. III, §24){Defeated}
1943 HJR 322 (Art. V, §47){Adopted}
1943 HJR 348 (Art. IX, §1){Adopted}
1943 HJR 786 (Art. XX, §§1-9){Removed}
Supreme Court Opinion (154 Fla. 881)
{Removing HJR 786 from Ballot}

CC. Amendments, Election of 11-5-46:

1945 SJR 663 (Art. XX, §§1,2){Adopted}
1945 HJR 23 (Art. VIII, §§12*,13*){Defeated}
1945 CS/HJR 73 (Art. III, §30){Defeated}
1945 HJR 110 (Art. XVI, §34){Defeated}
1945 HJR 217 (Art. VIII, §§14,15){Defeated}
1945 HJR 277 (Art. V, §48){Defeated}

DD. Amendments, Election of 11-2-48:

1947 JR 1379 (Art. VIII, §§14*,15*){Adopted}
1947 HJR 1269 (Art. IX, §17){Defeated}
1947 HJR 1007 (Art. XII, §17){Defeated}
1947 HJR 869 (Art. VII, §6){Defeated}
1947 HJR 407 (Art. VIII, §14){Defeated}
1947 HJR 179 (Art. III, §4){Adopted}
1947 HJR 118 (Art. XVII, §1){Adopted}
1947 HJR 93 (Art. VIII, §§20*,21*){Adopted}
1947 HJR 66 (Art. V, §49*){Adopted}
1947 SJR 984 (Art. VIII, §§18*,19*){Adopted}
1947 SJR 885 (Art. VIII, §§16,17){Adopted}
1947 SJR 16 (Art. V, §48){Adopted}

EE. Amendments, Election of 11-7-50:

1949 SJR 25 (Art. V, §50*){Adopted}
1949 SJR 46 (Art. VII, §5){Adopted}
1949 SJR 290 (Art. III, §16){Adopted}
1949 HJR 153 (Art. V, §51*){Adopted}
1949 HJR 85-X (Art. V, §16A){Adopted}
Analysis: Florida's Proposed Constitutional Amendments, by Hulda Grobman

(Civic Information Series #1)
Modernizing State Constitutions, by J. E. Dovell (Civ. Info. Ser. #2)

FF. Amendments, Election of 11-4-52:

1951 SJR 7 (Art. V, §?*){Defeated}
1951 SJR 96 (Art. VIII, §§?*,?*){Defeated}
1951 SJR 106 (Art. XII, §18){Adopted}
1951 CS/SJR 117 (Art. VIII, §1){Defeated}
1951 CS/SJR 290 (Art. V, §§2,3,4,5,6,7,8,44,49){Defeated}
1951 SJR 993 (Art. VIII, §?*){Defeated}
1951 SJR 1115 (Art. V, §50){Defeated}
1951 HJR 80 (Art. VII, §6){Defeated}
1951 HJR 341 (Art. VII, §6){Defeated
1951 HJR 453 (Art. V, §?*){Defeated}
1951 HJR 989 (Art. VIII, §?*){Defeated}
Analysis: Florida's Proposed Constitutional Amendments 1952, by William F. Larsen (Civ. Info. Ser. #12)

GG. Amendments, Election of 11-2-54:

1953 SJR 179 (Art. III, §28){Adopted}
1953 SJR 676 (Art. IX, §?*){Defeated}
1953 SJR 1051 (Art. V, §39A*){Adopted}
1953 HJR 579 (Art. III, §§2,4){Adopted}
1953 HJR 757 (Art. V, §16B){Adopted}
1953 HJR 851 (Art. VIII, §22*){Adopted}
1953 HJR 858 (Art. VIII, §10A*){Adopted}
Analysis: Florida's Proposed Constitutional Amendments--1954, by William F. Larsen (Civ. Info. Ser. #19)

HH. Amendments, Election of 11-6-56:

1955 SJR 7 (Art. VII, §2,3,4){Defeated}
1955 SJR 119 (Art. III, §2){Adopted}
1955 SJR 638 (Art. XII, §10A*){Adopted}
1955 SJR 642 (Art. XVI, §34){Adopted}
1955 CS/SJR 703 (Art. XII, §2A*){Adopted}
1955 CS/SJR 777 (Art. V, §9A*){Adopted}
1955 SJR 1046 (Art. VIII, §11){Adopted}
1955 SJR 1052 (Art. V, §10*){Repealed by 1956 HJR 58-XX}
1955 SJR 1201 (Art. V, §9B*){Adopted}
1955 HJR 155 (Art. VIII, §23*){Adopted}
1955 CS/HJR 810 (Art. V Revision){Adopted}
1955 SCR 555 (Creating Constitution Advisory Commission)
1956 SJR 34-XX (Art. XVI, §4A){Adopted}
1956 HJR 58-XX (Art. V, §10){Repealed 1955 SJR 1052}
1956 HJR 83-XX (Art. V, §10){Adopted}
Analysis: Florida's Proposed Constitutional Amendments 1956, by J. E. Dovell, David G. Temple & Manning J. Dauer (Civ. Info. Ser. #24)

II. Amendments, Election of 11-4-58:

1957 SJR 532 (Art. V, §9C*){Adopted}
1957 SJR 9-X (Art. VII Revision){Removed}
1957 SJR 11-X (Art. IX Revision){Removed}
1957 HJR 8-X (Preamble Revision){Removed}
1957 HJR 9-X (Art. I Revision){Removed}
1957 HJR 10-X (Art. II Revision){Removed}
1957 CS/HJR 11-X (Art. IV Revision){Removed}
1957 HJR 12-X (Art. VI Revision){Removed}
1957 CS/HJR 14-X (Art. VIII Revision){Removed}
1957 CS/HJR 16-X (Art. X Revision){Removed}
1957 HJR 17-X (Art. XI Revision){Removed}
1957 HJR 18-X (Art. XIV Revision){Removed}
1957 CS/HJR 29-X (Art. III Revision){Removed}
1957 CS/HJR 30-X (Art. XII Revision){Removed}
1957 CS/HJR 31-X (Art. XIII Revision){Removed}
1957 HJR 32-X (Art. XVII, §1){Defeated}
1957 HJR 106-X (Providing for submission of Revisions to Electors)
Supreme Court Opinion (104 So.2d 501)
{Removing 14 Proposed Revisions from Ballot}
Supreme Court Opinion (104 So.2d 841)
{Retaining HJR 32-X on Ballot}
Analysis: The Proposed New Florida Constitution: An Analysis, by Manning J. Dauer (Civ. Info. Ser. #30)

JJ. Amendments, Election of 11-8-60:

1959 SJR 660 (Art. VII, §1){Defeated}

1959 SJR 734 (Art. IX, §15){Defeated}

1959 HJR 409 (Art. XVI, §§4B,4C){Adopted}

1959 HJR 813 (Art. VI, §2){Adopted}

1959 CS/HJR 835 (Art. IV, §30){Defeated}

1959 HJR 1073 (Art. XVI, §4D*){Adopted}

1959 HJR 1544 (Art. XII, §?*){Defeated}

1959 HJR 1601 (Art. V, §5){Adopted}

Analysis: Constitutional Amendments of 1960, by John M. DeGrove & Wylie Kilpatrick (Civ. Info. Ser. #36)

KK. Amendments, Election of 11-6-62:

1961 SJR 216 (Art. VII, §§1-5){Withdrawn by 1962 SJR 18-X}

1961 SJR 218 (Art. V, §9A){Adopted}

1961 SJR 344 (Art. V, §6){Defeated}

1961 CS/HJR 1443 (Art. XII, §2B*){Adopted}

1961 HJR 1730 (Art. III, §29){Adopted}

1961 HJR 1853 (Art. XVI, §4E*){Adopted}

1961 HJR 1965 (Art. I Revision){Adopted}

1961 HJR 1966 (Preamble Revision){Adopted}

1961 HJR 1996 (Art. II Revision){Adopted}

1962 SJR 18-X {Withdrawing 1961 SJR 216}

1962 HJR 30-X (Art. VII, §§1-6){Defeated}

Analysis: Reapportionment and Other Constitutional Amendments of 1962, by Ruth McQuown (Civ. Info. Ser. #40)

LL. Amendments, Special Election, 11-5-63:

1963 CS/SJR 264 (Art. XII, §19*){Adopted}

1963 CS/SJR 727 (Art. IX, §17*){Adopted}

1963 CS/HJR 428 (Art. IV, §§2,20){Adopted}

Analysis: Revenue Bonds and a New Cycle for Election of Governor and Cabinet Constitutional Amendments, by Madelyn L. Kafoglis (Civ. Info. Ser. #42)

MM. Amendments, Election of 11-3-64:

1963 HJR 5-X (Art. VII, §§1-5){Defeated}

1963 SJR 218 (Art. XII, §18){Adopted}

1963 SJR 267 (Art. XVI, §7){Adopted}

1963 SJR 268 (Art. XVI, §1A){Adopted}

1963 SJR 1083 (Art. XVI, §4F*){Adopted}

1963 HJR 59 (Art. V, §6){Adopted}

1963 CS/HJR 323 (Art. XII, §5){Defeated}

1963 HJR 368 (Art. XVII, §4){Adopted}

1963 HJR 869 (Art. IV, §26){Adopted}

1963 HJR 921 (Art. IX, §16){Defeated}

1963 HJR 1030 (Art. X, §7){Adopted}

1963 HJR 1045 (Art. XII, §2C*){Adopted}

1963 HJR 2194 (Art. XII, §2D*){Adopted}

Analysis: Legislative Power to Revise Constitution; Reorganization of Board of Control; and Other Constitutional Amendments of 1964, by Manning J. Dauer & Gladys M. Kammerer (Civ. Info. Ser. #43)

Supreme Court Opinion (167 So.2d 575)

{Retaining 1963 HJR 5-X on Ballot}

NN. Amendments, Special Election of 11-2-65:

1965 SJR 261 (Art. V, §5){Adopted}

1965 SJR 751 (Art. IX, §13){Adopted}

1965 CS/SJR 848 (Art. IX, §?*){Defeated}

1965 HJR 586 (Art. V, §9){Adopted}

1965 HJR 1649 (Art. V, §7){Adopted}

Analysis: The Three Hundred Million Dollar Road Bond Amendment and Other Constitutional Amendments of 1965, by Gladys M. Kammerer (Civ. Info. Ser. #44)

OO. Amendments, Election of 11-8-66:

1965 SJR 6 (Art. V, §9C){Adopted}

1965 SJR 67 (Art. XVI, §29){Adopted}

1965 SJR 115 (Art. XVII, §2){Adopted}

1965 SJR 221 (Art. VIII, §6A){Adopted}

1965 SJR 433 (Art. XVI, §12){Adopted}

1965 CS/SJR 485 (Art. V, §§13A*,17A*){Adopted}

1965 SJR 655 (Art. III, §2A){Adopted}

1965 SJR 662 (Art. V, §7){Adopted}

1965 HJR 175 (Art. V, §7){Adopted}

1965 HJR 344 (Art. VI, §1){Adopted}

1965 HJR 578 (Art. IX, §14A){Adopted}

1965 HJR 748 (Art. V, §11A*){Adopted}

1965 CS/HJR 1987 (Art. VIII, §24){Adopted}

Analysis: A New Method for Discipline and Removal of Judges and Other Amendments of 1966, by Gladys M. Kammerer (Civ. Info. Ser. #46)




PP. Amendment, Special Election of 5-7-68:

1968 SJR 68-X (Art. XII, §2){Adopted}




QQ. Amendments, Election of 11-5-68:

1968 SJR 44-X (Art. XII, §18){Withdrawn}

1968 SJR 52-X (Art. XII, §19){Withdrawn}

1968 HJR 100-X (Art. IV, §20; Art. IV, §25; Art. XII, §3){Withdrawn}

1968 SJR 4-2X (Art. VI, §§1-6){Adopted}

1968 SJR 5-2X (Art. VIII, §§1-6){Adopted}

1968 SJR 6-2X {Withdrawing 1968 SJR 44-X}

1968 SJR 7-2X {Withdrawing 1968 SJR 52-X}

1968 HJR 1-2X (Constitutional Revision){Adopted}

1968 HJR 5-2X {Withdrawing 1968 HJR 100-X}

Analysis: Should Florida Adopt the Proposed Constitution?, by Manning J. Dauer, Clement H. Donovan & Gladys M. Kammerer (Civ. Info. Ser. #31)




* For a number of years, some of the section numbers assigned by the Legislature were erroneous; then for several more years, the Legislature omitted the section number from some proposed amendments with the instruction: "to be assigned by the Secretary of State upon ratification."

VI. Constitution of 1968

A. Amendment, Election of 11-4-69:
1969 HJR 1851 (Art. XII, §9){Adopted}
Analysis: Continuing Permission to Issue Revenue Bonds for Higher Education Constitutional Amendment of 1969, by Gladys M. Kammerer (Civ. Info. Ser. #48)

B. Amendments, Election of 11-3-70:
1969 HJR 1262 (Art. VII, §9){Defeated}

1970 SJR 171 (Art. VI, §2){Defeated}

1970 CCJR 2 (Art. X, §14){Defeated}

1970 CS/HJR 3853 & 4040 (Art. VII, §14){Adopted}

1970 SJR 1592 (Art. III, §15(b)){Defeated}

1970 HJR 5512 (Art. V){Defeated}

1970 HJR 792 (Art. X, §11){Adopted}

1969 SJR 36 (Art. V){Withdrawn by 1970 HJR 5515}

1970 HJR 5515 (Art. V){Withdrawing 1969 SJR 36}

Analysis: Proposed Amendments to the Florida Constitution, 1970 General Election, by Manning J. Dauer, Ernest R. Bartley & Thomas C. Marks, Jr. (Civ. Info. Ser. #50)

Supreme Court Opinion (238 So.2d 824)

{Removing Initiative for Unicameral Legislature}

C. Amendment, Election of 11-2-71:
1971 HJR 7-B (Art. VII, §5){Adopted}

Analysis: Proposed Corporate Income Tax Amendment, Constitution, 1971, by C. H. Donovan (Civ. Info. Ser. # 51)

D. Amendments, Election of 3-14-72:
1971 HJR 46-D (Art. VII, §15){Adopted}

1971 SJR 52-D (Art. V){Adopted}

Analysis: Proposed Amendments to the Florida Constitition, March 14, 1972 Florida Election, by Manning J. Dauer (Civ. Info. Ser. #52)

E. Amendments, Election of 11-7-72:
1972 HJR 2835 (Art. XI, §3){Adopted}

1972 HJR 4324 (Art. X, §4){Adopted}

1972 CS/HJR 3576 (Art. XII, §9){Adopted}

1972 CS/SJR 292 (Art. XII, §9(a)){Adopted}

Analysis: Proposed Amendments to the Florida Constitution and Bond Issue Referendum Nov. 7, 1972 Florida Election, by Clement H. Donovan & Manning J. Dauer (Civ. Info. Ser. #53)

F. Amendments, Election of 11-5-74:
1973 CS/HJR 637 (Art. IV, §9){Adopted}

1973 HJR 1907 (Art. VIII, §1){Adopted}

1973 HJR 1424 (Art. VII, §10){Adopted}

1974 SJR 917 (Art. I, §2){Adopted}

1974 CS/HJR 2289 & 2984 (Art. XII, §9){Adopted}

1974 CS/HJR 3522 (Art. XII, §9){Defeated}

1974 HJR 3911 (Art. V, §12){Adopted}

Analysis: Proposed Amendments to the Florida Constitution Nov. 5, 1974 Florida Election, by Clement H. Donovan, Manning J. Dauer & Joseph W. Little (Civ. Info. Ser. #54)

G. Amendment, Election of 3-9-76:
1975 SJR 1061 (Art. VII, §9){Adopted}

Analysis: Amendment Providing Limited Taxing Power for Florida Regional Water Control Districts, by Clement H. Donovan (Civ. Info. Ser. #58)

H. Amendments, Election of 11-2-76:
1975 HJR 1709 (Art. V, §12){Adopted}

1975 HJR 291 (Art. X, §14){Adopted}

1975 SJR 999 (Art. IV, §10){Defeated}

1976 CS/SJR 49 & 81 (Art. V, §§3, 10 & 11){Adopted}

1976 SJR 266 (Art. II, §8){Defeated}

1976 CS/SJR 619 & 1398 (Art. I, §18){Defeated}

1976 HJR 1779 (Art. VII, §16){Defeated}

1976 CS/HJR 3982 (Art. VII, §§3, 4 & 16){Defeated}

Public Disclosure Initiative (Art. II,§8){Adopted}

Analysis: Florida State Constitutional Amendments to be Voted on, November 2, 1976, by Larry Berkson, Manning J. Dauer, Clement H. Donovan, Richard Ellson & Juan Gonzalez (Civ. Info. Ser. #59)

Supreme Court Opinion (338 So.2d 819)

{Retaining Public Disclosure Initiative on Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (338 So.2d 825)

{Retaining SJR 619 & 1398 on Ballot}

I. Amendments, Election of 11-7-78:
8 by Constitution Revision Commission {Defeated}

Casino Gambling Initiative {Defeated}

Initiative Petitions {Not on Ballot}

Analysis: Proposed 1978 Florida Constitution Revision; & Proposal on Casino Gambling, by Manning J. Dauer (Civ. Info. Ser. #61)

Supreme Court Opinion (363 So.2d 337)

{Retaining Casino Gambling Initiative on Ballot}

J. Amendments, Election of 3-11-80:
1979 SJR 1-B (Art. VII, §6){Adopted}

1979 SJR 20-C (Art. V, §3){Adopted}

Analysis: Constitutional Amendments on Florida Supreme Court Jurisdiction, and on Changes in Tax Provisions Including Homestead Exemption, to be Considered at March 11, 1989 Election, by Manning J. Dauer & Fred Goddard (Civ. Info. Ser. #62)

K. Amendments, Election of 10-7-80:
1980 SJR 4-E (Art. VII, §§6 & 8){Adopted}

1980 SJR 6-E (Art. VII, §16; Art. XII, §18){Adopted)

1980 SJR 9-E (Art. VII, §3){Adopted}

1980 SJR 12-E (Art. VII, §4){Adopted}

1980 SJR 15-E (Art. VII, §3; Art. XII, §18){Adopted}

L. Amendments, Election of 11-4-80:
1980 SJR 824 (Art. XII, §9){Adopted}

1980 SJR 1349 (Art. III, §7){Adopted}

1979 HJR 50 (Art. II, §5; Art. XI, §§2 & 5){Defeated}

1980 CS/HJR 387 (Art. I, §23){Adopted}

1980 HJR 1471 (Art. VII, §14){Adopted}

Initiative Petitions {None on Ballot}

Analysis: Proposed Amendments to Florida Constitution to be on Ballot on October 7, 1980 and on November 4, 1980 Elections, by Manning J. Dauer, Fred Goddard & Jon L. Mills (Civ. Info. Ser. #63)

Supreme Court Opinion (386 So.2d 561)

{Addressing Initiative Petition Time Limits}

M. Amendments, Election of 11-2-82:
1982 SJR 1035 (Art. II, §8){Removed}

1982 HJR 31-H (Art. I, §12){Adopted}

1982 HJR 43-H (Art. I, §14){Adopted}

Analysis: Florida State Constitutional Amendments to be on Ballot at November 1982 General Election, by Manning J. Dauer & Donna F. McEachern (Civ. Info. Ser. #65)

Supreme Court Opinion (421 So.2d 151)

{Removing SJR 1035 from Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (422 So.2d 303)

{Retaining HJR 31-H on Ballot}

N. Amendments, Election of 11-6-84:
1983 HJR 40 (Art. X, §4){Adopted}

1983 HJR 435 (Art. IV, §4){Adopted}

1984 SJR 76 (Art. III, §2){Defeated}

1984 SJR 612 (Art. VII, §11){Adopted}

1984 SJR 1157 (Art. XII, §9){Adopted}

1984 HJR 37 (Art. V, §8){Adopted}

1984 HJR 452 (Art. VIII, §1){Adopted}

1984 HJR 1160 (Art. V, §11){Adopted}

Initiative Petitions {None on Ballot}

Analysis: Proposed Proposition One Tax Amendment to Florida Constitution to be on Ballot on November 6, 1984, by Frederick Goddard & Manning J. Dauer (Civ. Info. Ser. #66)

Supreme Court Opinion (448 So.2d 984)

{Removing Citizens' Choice Initiative from Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (457 So.2d 1351)

{Removing Citizens' Rights in Civil Actions from Ballot}

O. Amendments, Election of 11-4-86:
1985 HJR 386 (Art. IV, §4; Art. V, §17){Adopted}

1986 HJR 71 (Art. IV, §10; Art. V, §3){Adopted}

1986 HJR 1305 (Art. VII, §6; Art. XII, §20){Defeated}

Initiative Petitions {Not on Ballot}

Casino Gambling Initiative {Defeated}

Lottery Initiative {Adopted}

Analysis: Florida Constitutional Amendments to be on Ballot November 4, 1986, by Frederick O. Goddard, Manning J. Dauer & Ronald K. Vogel (Civ. Info. Ser. #68)

Supreme Court Opinion (497 So.2d 1204)

{Retaining Lottery Initiative on Ballot)

P. Amendments, Election of 11-8-88:
1987 SJR 135 (Art. I, §16){Adopted}

1987 SJR 459 (Art. III, §17){Adopted}

1987 HJR 214 (Art. VII, §4){Adopted}

1988 SJR 318 & 356 (Art. VII, §3){Adopted}

1988 SJR 391 (Art. VII, §17){Adopted}

1988 HJR 290 (Art. IV, §§11 & 12){Adopted}

1988 HJR 1608 (Art. V, §1){Adopted}

1988 HJR 1610 (Art. V, §10){Defeated}

1988 HJR 1616 (Art. II, §5; Art. XI, §§2, 5 & 6){Adopted}

Initiative Petitions {Not on Ballot}

Liability Cap on Damages Initiative {Defeated}

English Language Initiative {Adopted}

Supreme Court Opinion (520 So.2d 11)

{Retaining English Language Initiative on Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (520 So.2d 284)

{Retaining Damages Cap Initiative on Ballot}

Q. Amendments, Election of 11-6-90:
1989 SJR 43 (Art. I, §8){Adopted}

1989 SJR 380 (Art. III, §3){Adopted}

1989 HJR 139 & 40 (Art. VII, §18){Adopted}

1990 SJR 1990 & 2 (Art. III, §4){Adopted}

Initiative Petitions {None on Ballot}

R. Amendments, Election of 11-3-92:
1992 SJR 152 (Art. VII, §3){Adopted}

1992 SJR 2-H (Art. XII, §9){Adopted}

1992 SJR 162 (Art. VI, §5){Adopted}

1992 CS/CS/HJR 1727, 863 & 2035 (Art. I, §24; Art. XII, §20){Adopted}

4 Submitted by Taxation & Budget Reform Commission

Revision No.1 (Art. III, §19; Art. IV, §1; Art. IV, §13; Art. XII, §9) {Adopted}

Revision No.2 (Art. I, §24){Adopted}

Revision No.3 (Art. VII, §9){Adopted}

Revision No.4 (Art. VII, §3({Removed}

Term Limit Initiative (Art. VI, §4) {Adopted}

Homestead Valuation Initiative (Art. VII, §4){Adopted}

Initiative Petitions {Not on Ballot}

Brief History of Constitutional Initiatives in Florida

Supreme Court Opinion (581 So.2d 586)

{Retaining Homestead Valuation Initiative on Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (592 So.2d 225)

{Retaining Term Limit Initiative on Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (606 So.2d 618)

{Removing One Initiative by Commission from Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (607 So.2d 397)

{Retaining Homestead Valuation Initiative on Ballot}

S. Amendments, Election of 11-8-94:
1994 SJR 2606 (Art. III, §3){Adopted}

1994 HJR 2053 (Art. VII, §1; Art. XII, §21){Adopted}

Marine Net Fishing Initiative {Adopted}

Multiple Subject Initiative {Adopted}

Voter Approval of New Taxes {Removed}

Revenue Limits {Removed}

Property Rights {Removed}

Limited Casino Initiative {Defeated}

Supreme Court Opinion (620 So.2d 997)

{Retaining Marine Net Fishing Initiative on Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (632 So.2d 1018)

{Removing Antidiscrimination Initiative from Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (636 So.2d 1336)

{Removing Save Our Everglades Initiative from Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (642 So.2d 724)

{Removing Stop Early Release of Prisoners Initiative from Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (639 So.2d 972)

{Approval of Funding for Criminal Justice Initiative-Failed to make Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (644 So.2d 71)

{Retaining Limited Casino Initiative on Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (644 So.2d 486)

{Removing 3 Tax Initiatives & Retaining 1 on Ballot}

T. Amendments, Election of 11-5-96:
1996 SJR 210 (Article XI, Section 2) {Adopted}

1996 SJR 978 (Article V, Sections 11, 12) {Adopted}

Tax Limitation Initiative (Article XI, Section 7) {Adopted}

Everglades Trust Fund Initiative (Article X, Section 17) {Adopted}

Responsibility for Paying Costs of Water Pollution Abatement in the Everglades Initiative (Article II, Section 7) {Adopted}

Fee on Everglades Sugar Production Initiative (Article VII, Section 9) {Defeated}

Authorization for and Regulation of Statewide System of Limited-Access Riverboat Gambling Casinos Initiative (Article X, Section 16) {Removed}

Just One Tax Initiative (Article VII, Section 1(e))

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Restricting Discrimination by the State of Florida or any Political Subdivision Initiative (Article I, Section ?)


{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Court Reform Initiative (Article V)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Declaration of Independence Initiative (Article I, Section 26)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Education First! Initiative (Article III, Sections 8, 12)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Eliminate the Florida Parole Commission Initiative (Article IV, Section 8©)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Exclusion of Illegal Aliens from Public Benefits & Social Services Initiative (Article II, Section 10)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Exclusion of Illegal Aliens from Public Educational Institutions Initiative (Article II, Section 11)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission Initiative (Article IV, Section 9)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Florida Locally Approved Gaming Initiative (Article X, Section 16)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Funding for Criminal Justice Initiative (Article III, Section 20)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Governmental Cooperation with Federal Immigration Authorities Initiative (Article X, Section 17)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Governmental Implementation & Utilization of Official English Initiative (Article II, Section 9)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Limiting Assessed Values & Taxes on Homestead Property Initiative (Article VII, Section 4)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Limiting Millage Tax Rates Initiative (Article VII, Section 9)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Limiting Taxation by Non-Elected Persons Initiative (Article VII, Section 1)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Limiting Taxpayer Supported Social Services to Illegal Aliens Initiative (Article VII, Section 18)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Minimum Wage Established Initiative (Article I, Section 24)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

People's Property Rights Amendments Initiative (Article XI, Section 3)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Prohibiting Public Funding of Political Candidates' Campaigns Initiative (Article VI, Section 7)


{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Property Rights Initiative (Article X, Section ?)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Property Tax Exemption for School Choice Initiative (Article VII, Section 3)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Protection of Right to Trial by Jury Initiative (Article I, Section 22)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Restrictions on Retirement Benefits for Certain Elective Officers Initiative (Article X, Section 14)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Right of Citizens to Choose Health Care Providers Initiative (Article I, Section 24)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Right of Privacy Protected in Employment, Housing, Public Services, & Credit Initiative (Article I, Section 23)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Right to Select Health Care Providers Initiative (Article I, Section 24)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Single Payer Health Care Initiative (Article I, Section 26)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Stop Turning Out Prisoners Initiative (Article VI, Section 8)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Term Limits by Voter Approval Initiative (Article V, Section 10; Article VI, Sections 4(b), 6; Article VIII, Sections 1(d), 1(e), 2(b))

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Morton/Lee Limiting Contingent Fees Amendment Initiative (Article V, Section 21)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Voter Approval Required for New Taxes Initiative (Article VII, Section 1)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Voter Control of City Taxes Initiative (Article VII, Section 9)

{Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Supreme Court Opinion (639 So.2d 972)

{Approval of Funding For Criminal Justice Initiative; Failed to Make Ballot Position}

Supreme Court Opinion (656 So.2d 466)

{Removing Authorization for and Regulation of Statewide System of Limited-Access Riverboat Gambling Casinos Initiative from Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (656 So.2d 1259)

{Approval of Florida Locally Approved Gaming Initiative; Failed to Make Ballot Position}

Supreme Court Opinion (661 So.2d 1204)

{Approval of Stop Turning Out Prisoners Initiative; Failed to Make Ballot Position}

Supreme Court Opinion (673 So.2d 864)

{Retaining Tax Limitation Initiative on Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (681 So.2d 1124)

{Retaining Fee on Everglades Sugar Production, Everglades Trust Fund and Responsibility for Paying Costs of Water Pollution Abatement in the Everglades Initiatives on Ballot}

U. Amendments, Election of 11-3-1998
1997 HJR 969 (Article VI, Sections 3 & 4; Article XII, Section 22) {Adopted}

1998 HJR 3505 (Article I, Section 17) {Adopted}

1998 HJR 3151 (Article VII, Section 6) {Adopted}

1998 HJR 125 (Article VIII, Section 1) {Adopted}

9 by Constitution Revision Commission:

Conservation of Natural Resources; Creation of Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission (Article II, Section 7(a); Article IV, Section 9; Article VII, Section 11(e)-(f); Article X, Section 18; Article XII, Section 22) {Adopted}

Public Education of Children (Article IX, Section 1) {Adopted}

Local Option for Selection of Judges; Funding of State Courts (Article V, Sections 10, 11(a)-(b), 12(a) & (f), 14; Article XII, Section 22) {Adopted}

Restructuring the State Cabinet (Article II, Section 8(h)(1); Article III, Sections 8(b), 16(b) & (f), 19(f)(3); Article IV, Sections 3(b), 4, 7(a), 8(a); Article VIII, Section 1(i); Article IX, Section 2; Article XI, Sections 2(c), 3, 4, 5(a), 6(e); Article XII, Sections 9(c)(5), 22) {Adopted}

Basic Rights (Article I, Section 2) {Adopted}

Local & Municipal Property Tax exemptions; Citizen Access to Local Officials (Article VII, Section 3(a), (f) & (g); Article VIII, Section 7) {Defeated}

Ballot Access; Public Campaign Financing; Election Process Revisions (Article IV, Section 5(a); Article VI, Sections 1, 2, 5, 7; Article IX, Section 4(a)) {Adopted}

Firearms Purchases; Local Option for Criminal History Records Check & Waiting Period (Article VIII, Section 5) {Adopted}

Miscellaneous Matters & Technical Revisions (Article I, Sections 4, 9, 16(a), 18, 23; Article II, Sections 5(b), 8(g)-(i); Article III, Sections 3(f), 8(a)-(b), 17(b)-(c), 18, 19(d); Article IV, Sections 1(a) & (c), 2, 3(b), 4(e), 7(a); Article V, Sections 1, 2(a) & (b), 3(a), 8, 10( a), 11(c), 17, 18, 20(c)(6) & (9), 20(d)(8), 20(e)(1); Article VII, Sections 4(b), 6(b); Article IX, Section 5; Article X, Sections 3, 4(a); Article XI, Sections 2, 6) {Adopted}

Initiative Petitions:

Children's Right Not to be Abused (Article I, Section 26) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Children's Right Not to be Molested (Article I, Section ?) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Citizens' Right of Political Participation (Article I, Section 27) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Constitutional Amendment Restricting Discrimination by the State of Florida or any Political Subdivision (Article I, Section ?) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Court Reform (Article V) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Education First! (Article II, Sections 8 & 12) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Eliminate the Florida Parole Commission (Article IV, Section 8(c)) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission: Unifies Marine Fisheries & Game & Freshwater Fish Commission (Article IV, Section 9) {Removed}

Florida Locally Approved Gaming (Article X, Section 16) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Freedom to Use Medicinal Marijuana for Specific Certified Medical Purposes (Article I) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Funding for Criminal Justice (Article III, Section 20) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Funding for the State Courts System (Article V, Section 14) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Limiting Assessed Values & Taxes on Homestead Property (Article VII, Section 4) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Limiting Millage Tax Rates (Article VII, Section 9) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Limiting Taxation by Non-Elected Persons (Article VII, Section 1) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Limiting Taxpayer Supported Social Services to Illegal Aliens (Article VII, Section 18) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

People's Property Rights Amendments (Article XI, Section 3) {Removed}

Prohibiting Public Funding of Political Candidates' Campaigns (Article VI, Section 7) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Property Rights (Article X, Section ?) {Removed}

Property Tax Exemption for School Choice (Article VII, Section 3) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Requirement for Adequate Public Education Funding (Article IX, Section 1) {Removed}

Right of Citizens to Choose Health Care Providers (Article I, Section 24) {Removed}

Right of Intimate Privacy (Article I, Section ?) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Right of Privacy Protected in Employment, Housing, Public Services, and Credit (Article I, Section 23) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Save Our Florida (Article I, Section ?) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Single Payer Health Care (Article I, Section 26) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Term Limits by Voter Approval (Article V, Section 10; Article VI, Sections 4(b), 6; Article VIII, Sections 1(d), 1(e), 2(b)) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Term Limits Pledge (Article VI, Section 7) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

The Florida Civil Rights Initiative (Article I, Section 2) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Vote Yes for the Right to Vote on Proposed Constitutional Amendments Signed by Enough Citizens (Article XI, Section 8) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Vote Yes if Citizens Should be Able to Vote Out Judges in Recall Elections (Article V, Section 12) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Vote Yes if Judges Should be Elected, Rather than Appointed, for One Eight-Year Term (Article V, Section 3(a)) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Vote Yes if We Should Stop Releasing Prisoners EarlyBMinimum 85% of Sentence (Article IV, Section 8) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Voter Approval Required for New Taxes (Article VII, Section 1) {Removed}

Voter Control of City Taxes (Article VII, Section 9) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Voter Option of "None of the Above" at General Election (Article VI, Section 8) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Voters' Power of Recall (Article VI, Section 9) {Did Not Make Ballot Position}

Related Materials:

Supreme Court Opinion (705 So.2d 1351)

{Removing Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission Initiative from Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (699 So.2d 1304)

{Removing People's Property Rights Amendments, Voter Approval Required for New Taxes, and Property Rights Initiatives from Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (703 So.2d 446)

{Removing Requirement for Adequate Public Education Funding Initiative from Ballot}

Supreme Court Opinion (705 So.2d 563)

{Removing Right of Citizens to Choose Health Care Providers Initiative from Ballot)